Procedure Text

Use the Simple Past to express the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time in the past. Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but they do have one specific time in mind.

Examples:

• I saw a movie yesterday.
• I didn't see a play yesterday.
• Last year, I traveled to Japan.
• Last year, I didn't travel to Korea.
• Did you have dinner last night?
• She washed her car.
• He didn't wash his car.

The simple past is used for a single event (or sequence of such events) in the past, and also for past habitual action:

He took the money and ran.

I visited them every day for a year.

It can also refer to a past state:

I knew how to fight even as a child.

For action that was ongoing at the time referred to, the past progressive is generally used instead (e.g. I was cooking). The same can apply to states, if temporary (e.g. the ball was lying on the sidewalk), but some stative verbs do not generally use the progressive aspect at all – see Uses of English verb forms § Progressive – and in these cases the simple past is used even for a temporary state:

The dog was in its kennel.

I felt cold.

However, with verbs of sensing, it is common in such circumstances to use could see in place of saw, could hear in place of heard, etc. For more on this, see can see.

If one action interrupts another, then it is usual for the interrupted (ongoing) action to be expressed with the past progressive, and the action that interrupted it to be in the simple past:

Your mother called while you were cooking.

The simple past is often close in meaning to the present perfect. The simple past is used when the event happened at a particular time in the past, or during a period which ended in the past (i.e. a period that does not last up until the present time). This time frame may be explicitly stated, or implicit in the context (for example the past tense is often used when describing a sequence of past events).

I was born in 1980.

We turned the oven off two minutes ago.

I came home at 6 o'clock.

When did they get married?

We wrote two letters this morning.

She placed the letter on the table, sighed, and left the house.

Contrast these examples with those given at Uses of English verb forms § Present perfect. Note also that for past actions that occurred before the relevant past time frame, the past perfect is used.

Various compound constructions exist for denoting past habitual action. The sentence When I was young, I played football every Saturday might alternatively be phrased using used to (... I used to play ...) or using would (... I would play...).

The simple past also has some uses in which it does not refer to a past time. These are generally in condition clauses and some other dependent clauses referring to hypothetical circumstances, as well as certain expressions of wish:

If he walked faster, he would get home earlier.

I wish I knew what his name was.

I would rather she wore a longer dress.

For more details see the sections on conditionals, dependent clauses and expressions of wish in the article on uses of English verb forms.

For use of the simple past (and other past tense forms) in indirect speech, see Uses of English verb forms § Indirect speech. An example:

He said he wanted to go on the slide.

Procedure Text

Pengertian, Penjelasan, dan Contoh Procedure Text dalam Bahasa Inggris

Pengertian Procedure Text

Procedure text adalah text yang mengungkapkan bagaimana melakukan atau membuat sesuatu. Text tersebut menjadi panduan bagi pembaca untuk menyelesaikan suatu tugas melalui serangkaian langkah.

Contoh penggunaan procedure text antara lain:

• recipe (resep makanan)
• itenerary (rencana perjalanan)
• instruction manual (manual pengguna)

Procedure text mungkin dipelajari sangat sedikit, namun sesungguhnya memiliki peran yang sangat penting bagi masyarakat masa kini yang terbiasa dengan teknologi.

Struktur Procedure Text

Procedure text terdiri dari tiga bagian umum:

Struktur	Penjelasan
Introductory Paragraph or Title	Introductory paragraph (paragraf pembuka) atau hanya title (judul) yang menyatakan tujuan dari procedure.
List of Material	Daftar bahan/alat yang dibutuhkan untuk menyelesaikan procedure yang dapat berupa daftar, paragraf, atau tidak disebutkan.
Sequence of Steps	Serangkaian langkah untuk menyelesaikan procedure dengan urutan yang tepat.

Ciri Grammatical Procedure Text

Biasanya procedure text bercirikan sebagai berikut.

No	Ciri Grammatical Procedure Text
1	Kalimat pada bagian sequence of steps berupa command (perintah) sehingga menggunakan verb (kata kerja) dalam imperative mood (subjek kalimat tidak perlu ditambahkan karena “you” sudah tersirat). Contoh Imperative: You Add water to the mixture. (Tambahkan air ke dalam campuran tersebut.) You Beat egg whites until they are stiff. (Kocok putih telur hingga kaku.)
2	Procedure text menggunakan number (penomoran) atau sequence adverb untuk menunjukkan urutan pengerjaan tugas. Contoh Sequence Adverb: first, second, next, after, finally
3	Penggunaan adverbial (berupa prepositional phrase) untuk memberikan informasi durasi/waktu (how long? when?), tempat/posisi (where?), dan/atau cara (how?) suatu tindakan seharusnya dilakukan. Contoh Adverbial: Pour the batter into cupcake cups. (Tuang adonan ke dalam mangkuk cupcake.) tempat Cook them for 5 minutes. (Masak mereka selama 5 menit) durasi

Beberapa Contoh Procedure Text dan Artinya

Blended Iced Cappuccino Ingredients: 1/2 cup of strong coffee 1 cup of ice cubes 2 cup skim milk 3 tablespoons of sugar 1/4 cup of cream whipped cream (optional) Instructions: Brew a cup of coffee. Let it cool. Put the ice cubes in the blender and pour the coffee over them. Add milk, sugar, and cream. Blend them all on medium speed until the ice is completely crushed. Pour the mixture into a glass. Top it off with whipped cream.

How to Reheat Coffee in the Microwave Oven

Reheating coffee may affect taste. It may break down the aromas and flavors left when the coffee was first brewed. If you don’t concern the level of freshness, consider to reheat your cold coffee in the microwave oven because it is really quick and simple. Here are the steps.

• First of all, pour your cold coffee into a microwave-safe cup. Make sure the cup is not sealed shut.
• After that, put the cup in the microwave oven and close its door.
• Next, heat the coffee in about one minute.
• Then, wait for at least 20 seconds after the oven stops its cook-cycle.
• Finally, open the microwave oven and get your coffee hot.

How to Print Screen on a Laptop (Windows 8)

The print screen key in Windows let you take an image of your screen. Once you’ve taken the image, you can print, share, or modify it. Don’t worry, it’s simple to do.

Steps:

1. Press the Window logo and prt sc keys.
2. The screen will dim for a fraction of second when it is captured and saved as a PNG file. Check the file in the Screenshots folder in your Pictures folder.